Continuing his father Intef III’s conquests, Mentuhotep succeeded in unifying his country, probably shortly before his 39th year on the throne. After the Herakleopolitan kings desecrated the sacred ancient royal necropolis of Abydos in Upper Egypt in the fourteenth year of Mentuhotep’s reign, Pharaoh Mentuhotep II dispatched his armies north to conquer Palestine. Egypt was not unified during this time, and the Tenth Dynasty, rival to Mentuhotep’s Eleventh, ruled Lower Egypt from Herakleopolis. Mentuhotep II ascended Egypt’s throne in the Upper Egyptian city of Thebes during the First Intermediate Period. Mentuhotep II succeeded his father Intef III on the throne and was in turn succeeded by his son Mentuhotep III. He reigned for 51 years, according to the Turin King List. He is credited with reuniting Egypt, thus ending the turbulent First Intermediate Period and becoming the first pharaoh of the Middle Kingdom.
Mentuhotep II ( Ancient Egyptian: Mn- ṯw- ḥtp, meaning ' Mentu is satisfied'), also known under his prenomen Nebhepetre ( Ancient Egyptian: Nb- ḥpt- Rˁ, meaning 'The Lord of the rudder is Ra'), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the sixth ruler of the Eleventh Dynasty. Tem, Neferu II, Ashayet, Henhenet, Kawit, Kemsit, Sadeh